Modernist Objections to the Ḥadīth of the Prophet’s Marriage to al-Jūniyyah – A Critical Study.

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Al-Azhar University

Abstract

The ḥadīth concerning the Prophet Muḥammad’s marriage to al-Jūniyyah has been frequently cited by critics of the Sunnah, both in classical and modern times. It has become a focal point for those who seek to undermine the authority of Prophetic tradition, challenge its authenticity, and cast doubt on the integrity of its transmitters. Among contemporary critics, modernist writers in particular have raised objections to this report, often presenting it as problematic or ethically troubling.
This paper focuses on the specific objections advanced by modernist thinkers, presenting them in detail and offering a critical response. It employs inductive, analytical, and critical methods, and is structured into three chapters. The first chapter examines the transmission of the ḥadīth, clarifies its linguistic aspects, and traces its narrators. The second and third chapters analyze the modernist critiques and respond to them in light of sound ḥadīth methodology and historical context.
The paper finds that the ḥadīth is authentically transmitted through three Companions, with all known chains of narration being reliable. It also highlights the Prophet’s ﷺ approach to interpersonal relations, particularly his patience and respect in dealing with women. The case of al-Jūniyyah illustrates this clearly: although she was married to the Prophet ﷺ, he separated from her before consummation after she responded with coldness and sought refuge in God. The Prophet ﷺ, consistent with his character, honored that request and did not compel her.
The paper concludes by affirming the authenticity of the narration and the integrity of its content, offering recommendations for further study and proposing greater scholarly engagement with contested reports. A detailed bibliography is included.

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